factor into workspace, improve features & deps

Cargo.lock

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+checksum = "c96395f0a926bc13b1c17622aaddda1ecb55d49c8f1bf9777e4d877800a43f8b"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pin-project-lite"
+version = "0.2.17"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a89322df9ebe1c1578d689c92318e070967d1042b512afbe49518723f4e6d5cd"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "portable-atomic"
 version = "1.13.1"
@@ -172,6 +714,116 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_core"
+version = "0.6.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ec0be4795e2f6a28069bec0b5ff3e2ac9bafc99e6a9a7dc3547996c5c816922c"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-automata"
+version = "0.4.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6e1dd4122fc1595e8162618945476892eefca7b88c52820e74af6262213cae8f"
+dependencies = [
+ "aho-corasick",
+ "memchr",
+ "regex-syntax",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-syntax"
+version = "0.8.10"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dc897dd8d9e8bd1ed8cdad82b5966c3e0ecae09fb1907d58efaa013543185d0a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustc_version"
+version = "0.2.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "138e3e0acb6c9fb258b19b67cb8abd63c00679d2851805ea151465464fe9030a"
+dependencies = [
+ "semver 0.9.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustc_version"
+version = "0.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cfcb3a22ef46e85b45de6ee7e79d063319ebb6594faafcf1c225ea92ab6e9b92"
+dependencies = [
+ "semver 1.0.28",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustversion"
+version = "1.0.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b39cdef0fa800fc44525c84ccb54a029961a8215f9619753635a9c0d2538d46d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "scoped-tls"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e1cf6437eb19a8f4a6cc0f7dca544973b0b78843adbfeb3683d1a94a0024a294"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "scopeguard"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "94143f37725109f92c262ed2cf5e59bce7498c01bcc1502d7b9afe439a4e9f49"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "semver"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1d7eb9ef2c18661902cc47e535f9bc51b78acd254da71d375c2f6720d9a40403"
+dependencies = [
+ "semver-parser",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "semver"
+version = "1.0.28"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8a7852d02fc848982e0c167ef163aaff9cd91dc640ba85e263cb1ce46fae51cd"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "semver-parser"
+version = "0.7.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "388a1df253eca08550bef6c72392cfe7c30914bf41df5269b68cbd6ff8f570a3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "sharded-slab"
+version = "0.1.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f40ca3c46823713e0d4209592e8d6e826aa57e928f09752619fc696c499637f6"
+dependencies = [
+ "lazy_static",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "shlex"
+version = "1.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0fda2ff0d084019ba4d7c6f371c95d8fd75ce3524c3cb8fb653a3023f6323e64"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "smallvec"
+version = "1.15.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "67b1b7a3b5fe4f1376887184045fcf45c69e92af734b7aaddc05fb777b6fbd03"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "spin"
+version = "0.9.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6980e8d7511241f8acf4aebddbb1ff938df5eebe98691418c4468d0b72a96a67"
+dependencies = [
+ "lock_api",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "stable_deref_trait"
 version = "1.2.1"
@@ -184,6 +836,15 @@ version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a2eb9349b6444b326872e140eb1cf5e7c522154d69e7a0ffb0fb81c06b37543f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "static_cell"
+version = "2.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0530892bb4fa575ee0da4b86f86c667132a94b74bb72160f58ee5a4afec74c23"
+dependencies = [
+ "portable-atomic",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
 version = "2.0.117"
@@ -215,6 +876,82 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "thread_local"
+version = "1.1.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f60246a4944f24f6e018aa17cdeffb7818b76356965d03b07d6a9886e8962185"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing"
+version = "0.1.44"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "63e71662fa4b2a2c3a26f570f037eb95bb1f85397f3cd8076caed2f026a6d100"
+dependencies = [
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "tracing-attributes",
+ "tracing-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-attributes"
+version = "0.1.31"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7490cfa5ec963746568740651ac6781f701c9c5ea257c58e057f3ba8cf69e8da"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-core"
+version = "0.1.36"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "db97caf9d906fbde555dd62fa95ddba9eecfd14cb388e4f491a66d74cd5fb79a"
+dependencies = [
+ "once_cell",
+ "valuable",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-log"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ee855f1f400bd0e5c02d150ae5de3840039a3f54b025156404e34c23c03f47c3"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "once_cell",
+ "tracing-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-subscriber"
+version = "0.3.23"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cb7f578e5945fb242538965c2d0b04418d38ec25c79d160cd279bf0731c8d319"
+dependencies = [
+ "matchers",
+ "nu-ansi-term",
+ "once_cell",
+ "regex-automata",
+ "sharded-slab",
+ "smallvec",
+ "thread_local",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-core",
+ "tracing-log",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "typenum"
+version = "1.20.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "40ce102ab67701b8526c123c1bab5cbe42d7040ccfd0f64af1a385808d2f43de"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
 version = "1.0.24"
@@ -228,7 +965,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "98816b1accafbb09085168b90f27e93d790b4bfa19d883466b5e53315b5f06a6"
 dependencies = [
  "defmt 0.3.100",
- "heapless",
+ "heapless 0.8.0",
  "portable-atomic",
 ]
 
@@ -237,9 +974,66 @@ name = "usbd-uac2"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "byteorder-embedded-io",
- "defmt 1.0.1",
+ "defmt 1.1.0",
  "embedded-io",
  "modular-bitfield",
  "num-traits",
  "usb-device",
 ]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "valuable"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba73ea9cf16a25df0c8caa16c51acb937d5712a8429db78a3ee29d5dcacd3a65"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "vcell"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "77439c1b53d2303b20d9459b1ade71a83c716e3f9c34f3228c00e6f185d6c002"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "version_check"
+version = "0.9.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b928f33d975fc6ad9f86c8f283853ad26bdd5b10b7f1542aa2fa15e2289105a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "void"
+version = "1.0.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6a02e4885ed3bc0f2de90ea6dd45ebcbb66dacffe03547fadbb0eeae2770887d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "volatile-register"
+version = "0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "de437e2a6208b014ab52972a27e59b33fa2920d3e00fe05026167a1c509d19cc"
+dependencies = [
+ "vcell",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-link"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f0805222e57f7521d6a62e36fa9163bc891acd422f971defe97d64e70d0a4fe5"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-result"
+version = "0.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7781fa89eaf60850ac3d2da7af8e5242a5ea78d1a11c49bf2910bb5a73853eb5"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.61.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ae137229bcbd6cdf0f7b80a31df61766145077ddf49416a728b02cb3921ff3fc"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+]

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
+[workspace]
+members = [
+    "examples/lpc55s28-evk",
+    "examples/lpc55s28-evk-dma"
+]
+resolver = "2"
+
+[workspace.dependencies]
+usb-device = { version = "0.3", features = ["control-buffer-256"] }
+usbd-uac2 = { path = "." }
+
 [package]
 name = "usbd-uac2"
 description = "USB Audio Class 2.0 for usb-device"
 authors = ["Keenan Tims <ktims@gotroot.ca>"]
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
-keywords = ["no-std", "usb-device"]
+keywords = ["no-std", "usb-device", "audio"]
 
 [features]
 defmt = ["dep:defmt", "usb-device/defmt"]
@@ -15,4 +26,4 @@ defmt = { version = "1.0.1", optional = true }
 embedded-io = "0.7.1"
 modular-bitfield = "0.13.1"
 num-traits = { version = "0.2.19", default-features = false }
-usb-device = { version = "0.3", features = ["control-buffer-256"] }
+usb-device.workspace = true

examples/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# usbd-uac2 Examples
+
+This repository contains example implementations of a USB Audio Class 2 (UAC2) device.
+
+Two example backends are provided, both based on the LPCXpresso55S28 demo board, using the onboard WM8904 DAC:
+
+- **Interrupt-driven example** (`lpc55s28-evk`)
+- **DMA-based example** (`lpc55s28-evk-dma`)
+
+
+## Examples Overview
+
+### Interrupt-driven (`lpc55s28-evk`)
+
+Running at 32bit/48khz. It can't keep up at 96khz. Works on USBFS and USBHS.
+
+This is a minimal implementation intended to demonstrate the fundamental
+structure of the class driver. It fills a `bbqueue` as data comes in from USB,
+and drains it into the I2S FIFO in the I2S interrupt. This requires a lot of
+time-critical CPU work managing buffers. Particularly, the USB peripheral driver
+uses a lot of interrupt-free critical sections which can cause late interrupts
+and underruns.
+
+This is intended primarily as a learning/reference implementation
+
+### DMA-based (`lpc55s28-evk-dma`)
+
+Running at 32bit/96khz. Works on USBFS and USBHS.
+
+A more realistic and robust implementation using DMA. It fills a static ring
+buffer as data comes in from USB, while the DMA chases it around the ring,
+draining into the TX FIFO. This is efficient and decouples interrupt latency
+from data delivery. It uses the DMA interrupt to track consumed slots, but as
+long as the USB doesn't catch up to the read slot before this happens, there is
+a lot of slack for other things to be happening.
+
+This is a more useful demonstration, but is still lacking correct handling of
+edge cases, error conditions and so on you would want in a fully fleshed out
+implementation. Particularly, it behaves poorly in underrun, since the DMA will
+keep emitting from the ring regardless of whether the data is valid, which
+sounds terrible.
+
+## Running the Examples
+
+You can flash and run either example using `cargo embed`:
+
+```sh
+cargo embed --release --example lpc55s28-evk --features usbfs

examples/lpc55s28-evk-dma/Cargo.lock

@@ -313,6 +313,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "lpc55-hal"
 version = "0.5.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/ktims/lpc55-hal?branch=main#8dfefd62aff4abd2de535f23107812dda68437be"
 dependencies = [
  "block-buffer",
  "cipher",
@@ -353,7 +354,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "log-to-defmt",
  "lpc55-hal",
  "nb 1.1.0",
- "panic-halt",
  "panic-probe",
  "static_cell",
  "usb-device",
@@ -458,12 +458,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "autocfg",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "panic-halt"
-version = "1.0.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a513e167849a384b7f9b746e517604398518590a9142f4846a32e3c2a4de7b11"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "panic-probe"
 version = "1.0.0"

examples/lpc55s28-evk-dma/Cargo.toml

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 name = "lpc55s28-evk-dma"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
+publish = false
 
 [features]
 default = ["usbhs"]
@@ -16,13 +17,13 @@ defmt-rtt = "1.1.0"
 embedded-hal = "1.0.0"
 embedded-io = "0.7.1"
 log-to-defmt = "0.1.0"
-lpc55-hal = { version = "0.5.0", path = "../lpc55-hal" }
 nb = "1.1.0"
-panic-halt = "1.0.0"
 panic-probe = { version = "1.0.0", features = ["print-defmt"] }
 static_cell = "2.1.1"
-usb-device = "0.3"
+# Includes update to usb-device 0.3, fix for isochronous and smaller critical sections
-usbd-uac2 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../..", features = ["defmt"]}
+lpc55-hal = { git = "https://github.com/ktims/lpc55-hal", branch = "main" }
+usb-device.workspace = true
+usbd-uac2 = { workspace = true, features = ["defmt"] }
 
 [profile.release]
 opt-level = "z"

examples/lpc55s28-evk-dma/Embed.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[default.general]
+chip = "LPC55S28JBD100"
+[default.rtt]
+enabled = true
+[default.gdb]
+enabled = true
+
+[debug.rtt]
+enabled = false

examples/lpc55s28-evk-dma/build.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Find the actual path of memory.x and add it to link search, required for building in workspace
+fn main() {
+    let manifest_dir = std::env::var("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR").unwrap();
+    println!("cargo:rustc-link-search={}", manifest_dir);
+}

examples/lpc55s28-evk-dma/src/dma.rs

@@ -233,13 +233,37 @@ impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize> DmaRing<N, MAX_SLOT_BYTES> {
     pub fn produced(&self) -> usize {
         self.produced.load(Ordering::Acquire)
     }
-
+    pub fn produced_bytes(&self) -> usize {
+        self.produced_bytes.load(Ordering::Acquire)
+    }
     pub fn consumed(&self) -> usize {
         self.consumed.load(Ordering::Acquire)
     }
     pub fn consumed_bytes(&self) -> usize {
-        self.consumed.load(Ordering::Acquire) * self.slot_bytes
+        loop {
-            + (self.dma.channel19.xfercfg.read().bits() as usize >> 16 & 0x3ff)
+            let consumed_start = self.consumed.load(Ordering::Acquire);
+
+            let reg_1 = self.dma.channel19.xfercfg.read().bits() as usize >> 16 & 0x3ff;
+            let reg_2 = self.dma.channel19.xfercfg.read().bits() as usize >> 16 & 0x3ff;
+
+            let consumed_end = self.consumed.load(Ordering::Acquire);
+
+            if consumed_start == consumed_end && reg_1 == reg_2 {
+                // 1. Map the hardware remaining countdown into a clean byte count
+                let remaining_bytes = if reg_1 == 0x3ff {
+                    0 // 0x3FF means all transfers completed, 0 bytes remaining
+                } else {
+                    // Formula from NXP manual: (XFERCOUNT + 1) * Data Width
+                    (reg_1 + 1) * self.word_bytes
+                };
+
+                // 2. Total bytes consumed in this specific active slot
+                let active_slot_consumed = self.slot_bytes - remaining_bytes;
+
+                // 3. Combine with your software index history accumulator
+                return consumed_start * self.slot_bytes + active_slot_consumed;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     pub fn fill_slots(&self) -> usize {
@@ -319,7 +343,7 @@ impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize> DmaRing<N, MAX_SLOT_BYTES> {
         let slots = unsafe { &mut *self.slots.get() };
         let desc = unsafe { &mut *self.desc.get() };
         let chan_desc = unsafe { &mut *self.channel_desc.get() };
-        defmt::info!("slots base: &{:x}", self.slots.get());
+        defmt::debug!("slots base: &{:x}", self.slots.get());
 
         // Pre-fill with silence so underrun replays silence.
         for i in 0..N {

examples/lpc55s28-evk-dma/src/hw.rs

@@ -1,22 +1,19 @@
 //! Contains hardware setup unrelated to Usb Audio Class implementation
 
-use crate::hal;
-use core::cell::{OnceCell, UnsafeCell};
-use core::mem::MaybeUninit;
-use core::ptr::null_mut;
-
 use crate::Syscon;
+use crate::hal;
 use crate::{MCLK_FREQ, SAMPLE_RATE, pac};
-use defmt::debug;
+
+use core::cell::UnsafeCell;
+use core::mem::MaybeUninit;
+use defmt::{debug, info};
 use hal::{
-    Iocon, Pin,
+    Enabled, Iocon, Pin,
     drivers::pins,
-    prelude::*,
     traits::wg::digital::v2::{OutputPin, ToggleableOutputPin},
     typestates::pin::{gpio::direction::Output, state::Gpio},
 };
-use lpc55_hal::Enabled;
+
-use static_cell::StaticCell;
 pub(crate) struct PllConstants {
     pub m: u16,   // 1-65535
     pub n: u8,    // 1-255
@@ -138,67 +135,12 @@ pub(crate) fn init_audio_pll() {
 
     pmc.pdruncfg0
         .modify(|_, w| w.pden_pll0().poweredon().pden_pll0_sscg().poweredon());
-    debug!("pll0 wait for lock");
+    info!("pll0 wait for lock");
     let mut i = 0usize;
     while syscon.pll0stat.read().lock().bit_is_clear() {
         i += 1;
     }
-    debug!("pll0 locked after {} tries", i);
+    info!("pll0 locked after {} loops", i);
-}
-
-const SYS_PLL: PllConstants = PllConstants::new(4, 75, 1); // 150MHz
-
-pub(crate) fn init_sys_pll1() {
-    let syscon = unsafe { &*pac::SYSCON::ptr() };
-    let pmc = unsafe { &*pac::PMC::ptr() };
-    let anactrl = unsafe { &*pac::ANACTRL::ptr() };
-
-    debug!("start clk_in");
-    pmc.pdruncfg0
-        .modify(|_, w| w.pden_xtal32m().poweredon().pden_ldoxo32m().poweredon());
-    syscon.clock_ctrl.modify(|_, w| w.clkin_ena().enable());
-    anactrl
-        .xo32m_ctrl
-        .modify(|_, w| w.enable_system_clk_out().enable());
-
-    debug!("init pll1: {}", SYS_PLL);
-    pmc.pdruncfg0.modify(|_, w| w.pden_pll1().poweredoff());
-    syscon.pll1clksel.write(|w| w.sel().enum_0x1()); // clk_in
-    syscon.pll1ctrl.write(|w| unsafe {
-        w.clken()
-            .enable()
-            .seli()
-            .bits(SYS_PLL.seli)
-            .selp()
-            .bits(SYS_PLL.selp)
-    });
-
-    syscon
-        .pll1ndec
-        .write(|w| unsafe { w.ndiv().bits(SYS_PLL.n) });
-    syscon.pll1ndec.write(|w| unsafe {
-        w.ndiv().bits(SYS_PLL.n).nreq().set_bit() // latch
-    });
-    syscon
-        .pll1mdec
-        .write(|w| unsafe { w.mdiv().bits(SYS_PLL.m) });
-    syscon
-        .pll1pdec
-        .write(|w| unsafe { w.pdiv().bits(SYS_PLL.p) });
-    syscon.pll1pdec.write(|w| unsafe {
-        w.pdiv().bits(SYS_PLL.p).preq().set_bit() // latch
-    });
-
-    pmc.pdruncfg0.modify(|_, w| w.pden_pll1().poweredon());
-    debug!("pll1 wait for lock");
-    let mut i = 0usize;
-    while syscon.pll1stat.read().lock().bit_is_clear() {
-        i += 1;
-    }
-    debug!("pll1 locked after {} tries", i);
-    // switch system clock to pll1
-    syscon.fmccr.modify(|_, w| w.flashtim().flashtim11());
-    syscon.mainclkselb.modify(|_, w| w.sel().enum_0x2()); // pll1
 }
 
 pub struct I2sTx {
@@ -207,7 +149,6 @@ pub struct I2sTx {
 
 pub fn init_i2s(mut fc7: pac::FLEXCOMM7, i2s7: pac::I2S7, syscon: &mut Syscon) -> I2sTx {
     defmt::debug!("init i2s");
-    // Enable BOTH
     syscon.reset(&mut fc7);
     syscon.enable_clock(&mut fc7);
 

examples/lpc55s28-evk-dma/src/main.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
-//! Interrupt driven example for the LPCXpresso55S28 demo board
+//! DMA based audio output example for the LPCXpresso55S28 demo board
 //!
-//! Uses the onboard WM8904 DAC at 48KHz. Clock is generated by PLL0. Simple PI feedback
+//! Uses the onboard WM8904 DAC at 96KHz. Clock is generated by PLL0. Simple proportional feedback is implemented.
-//! is implemented.
 //!
-//! Packets from USB are placed a `heapless::spsc::Queue`. They are consumed
+//! USB walks around a static ring of slots, filling them as data comes in from
-//! by the I2S FIFO in the FLEXCOMM7 interrupt.
+//! the host. DMA chases it, filling the I2S FIFO as it drains to the DAC.
+//! Feedback ensures that the host doesn't overrun or underrun the ring.
+//!
+//! This implementation is more suitable for real use than the interrupt-based
+//! example, but it is still missing many niceties and behaves worse in
+//! anomalous situations since the DMA just keeps trucking over the ring
+//! regardless of the data validity.
 #![no_main]
 #![no_std]
 
@@ -34,13 +39,11 @@ use static_cell::StaticCell;
 use usb_device::{
     bus::{self},
     device::{StringDescriptors, UsbDeviceBuilder, UsbVidPid},
-    endpoint::IsochronousSynchronizationType,
 };
-use usbd_uac2::UsbIsochronousFeedback;
+use usbd_uac2::TerminalConfig;
 use usbd_uac2::{
-    self, AudioClassConfig, RangeEntry, TerminalConfig, UsbAudioClass, UsbAudioClockImpl, UsbSpeed,
+    self, AudioHandler, ClockSource, RangeEntry, UsbAudioClassConfig, UsbIsochronousFeedback,
-    constants::{FunctionCode, TerminalType},
+    UsbSpeed, constants::FunctionCode, descriptors::ClockType,
-    descriptors::{ChannelConfig, ClockType, FormatType1, LockDelay},
 };
 
 use crate::dma::DmaRing;
@@ -52,41 +55,27 @@ mod wm8904;
 
 const CODEC_I2C_ADDR: u8 = 0b0011010;
 const MCLK_FREQ: u32 = 12288000;
+
 const SAMPLE_RATE: u32 = 96000;
+const USB_FRAME_RATE: u32 = if cfg!(feature = "usbhs") { 8000 } else { 1000 };
+
 //latency ≈ (current_fill × FRAMES_PER_SLOT)
 //              + FRAMES_PER_SLOT/2 - average DMA transfer position
 //              + 8 - FIFO depth @ 32-bit samples
+// with example values, ~2.3ms
 const BYTES_PER_SAMPLE: usize = 4; // 32 bit samples
 const BYTES_PER_FRAME: usize = BYTES_PER_SAMPLE * 2; // 2 channels
 const FRAMES_PER_SLOT: usize = SAMPLE_RATE as usize / 2000; // run the DMA at 2khz
-const SLOT_SIZE_BYTES: usize = FRAMES_PER_SLOT * BYTES_PER_FRAME; // run the DMA at 2khz
+const BYTES_PER_SLOT: usize = FRAMES_PER_SLOT * BYTES_PER_FRAME;
-const N_SLOTS: usize = 32;
+const N_SLOTS: usize = 8;
-const FILL_TARGET: i32 = (FRAMES_PER_SLOT * N_SLOTS) as i32 / 2;
+const FILL_TARGET_BYTES: i32 = (BYTES_PER_SLOT * N_SLOTS) as i32 / 2;
 
-struct Clock {}
+const LOG_PERIOD: u32 = 1000;
-impl Clock {
-    const RATES: [RangeEntry<u32>; 1] = [RangeEntry::new_fixed(SAMPLE_RATE)];
-}
-impl UsbAudioClockImpl for Clock {
-    const CLOCK_TYPE: usbd_uac2::descriptors::ClockType = ClockType::InternalFixed;
-    const SOF_SYNC: bool = false;
-    fn get_sample_rate(&self) -> u32 {
-        Clock::RATES[0].min
-    }
-    fn get_rates(
-        &self,
-    ) -> core::result::Result<&[usbd_uac2::RangeEntry<u32>], usbd_uac2::UsbAudioClassError> {
-        Ok(&Clock::RATES)
-    }
-    fn get_clock_validity(&self) -> core::result::Result<bool, usbd_uac2::UsbAudioClassError> {
-        Ok(true)
-    }
-}
 
-static DMA_RING: StaticCell<DmaRing<N_SLOTS, SLOT_SIZE_BYTES>> = StaticCell::new();
+static DMA_RING: StaticCell<DmaRing<N_SLOTS, BYTES_PER_SLOT>> = StaticCell::new();
-static mut DMA_RING_REF: Option<&'static DmaRing<N_SLOTS, SLOT_SIZE_BYTES>> = None;
+static mut DMA_RING_REF: Option<&'static DmaRing<N_SLOTS, BYTES_PER_SLOT>> = None;
 #[inline]
-fn dma_ring() -> &'static DmaRing<N_SLOTS, SLOT_SIZE_BYTES> {
+fn dma_ring() -> &'static DmaRing<N_SLOTS, BYTES_PER_SLOT> {
     unsafe { DMA_RING_REF.unwrap() }
 }
 
@@ -125,13 +114,15 @@ struct Audio<'a, const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize> {
     running: AtomicBool,
     i2s: I2sTx,
     dma: &'a DmaRing<N, MAX_SLOT_BYTES>,
+    log_counter: u32,
 }
 impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize> Audio<'_, N, MAX_SLOT_BYTES> {
-    fn start(&self) {
+    const RATES: [RangeEntry<u32>; 1] = [RangeEntry::new_fixed(SAMPLE_RATE)];
+    fn start(&mut self) {
         red_led().off(); // clear any dma error
         self.running.store(false, Ordering::Relaxed);
 
-        defmt::info!("playback starting (DMA)");
+        defmt::info!("playback armed (DMA)");
 
         let i2s = &self.i2s.i2s;
         i2s.fifotrig
@@ -150,15 +141,15 @@ impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize> Audio<'_, N, MAX_SLOT_BYTES> {
         // If we don't disable interrupts while stopped, we will underflow constantly and continuously refill the fifo with 0s
         // We could actually stop the I2S here, but sometimes that makes the DAC misbehave. The peripheral is configured to send
         // 0s when the FIFO is empty, so this is fine.
+        pac::NVIC::mask(pac::Interrupt::DMA0);
         self.running.store(false, Ordering::Relaxed);
         dma_ring().stop();
         defmt::info!("playback stopped");
-        pac::NVIC::mask(pac::Interrupt::DMA0);
         green_led().off();
         blue_led().off();
     }
 }
-impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize, B: bus::UsbBus> UsbAudioClass<'_, B>
+impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize, B: bus::UsbBus> AudioHandler<'_, B>
     for Audio<'_, N, MAX_SLOT_BYTES>
 {
     fn alternate_setting_changed(&mut self, _terminal: usb_device::UsbDirection, alt_setting: u8) {
@@ -174,7 +165,8 @@ impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize, B: bus::UsbBus> UsbAudioClass<
         ep: &usb_device::endpoint::Endpoint<'_, B, usb_device::endpoint::Out>,
     ) {
         // Buffer must fit 125us of audio data (based on how `usbd_uac2` sets up the descriptors).
-        let mut buf = [0; SAMPLE_RATE.div_ceil(8000) as usize * BYTES_PER_FRAME];
+        // Buffer must have room for one additional frame in case the host clock runs slower than the device.
+        let mut buf = [0; (SAMPLE_RATE.div_ceil(USB_FRAME_RATE) + 1) as usize * BYTES_PER_FRAME];
 
         let len = match ep.read(&mut buf) {
             Ok(len) => len,
@@ -199,8 +191,8 @@ impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize, B: bus::UsbBus> UsbAudioClass<
         }
         // If we're not running yet, wait until we reach 50% full then enable DMA requests
         if !self.running.load(Ordering::Relaxed) && self.dma.fill_slots() >= (N_SLOTS / 2) {
-            defmt::debug!(
+            defmt::info!(
-                "buffer has {} slots, start dma transfers",
+                "buffer warmed ({} slots) starting playback",
                 self.dma.fill_slots()
             );
             self.dma.run();
@@ -208,52 +200,76 @@ impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize, B: bus::UsbBus> UsbAudioClass<
         }
     }
 
-    /// Provide rate feedback to the host, so that it doesn't over- or underflow
+    /// Provide rate feedback to the host. P-only is stable and works fine, with
-    /// the buffer. Proportional-only control is stable with normal hosts,
+    /// most hosts. The host can either filter it internally or treat it
-    /// adding an I term with proper tuning (quite weak) would stabilize the
+    /// instantaneously and send more data specifically when the error gets
-    /// rate reported to the host but is not necessary for basic playback.
+    /// large; we will absorb reasonable clock drifts with our ring buffer.
     fn feedback(&mut self, nominal_rate: UsbIsochronousFeedback) -> Option<UsbIsochronousFeedback> {
-        const MAX_CORRECTION: i32 = 1 << 10; // ~1.6%
+        // Don't want to signal an absurd rate when not consuming; let the
+        // buffer fill before starting feedback.
+        if !self.running.load(Ordering::Acquire) {
+            return Some(nominal_rate);
+        }
 
-        let produced_bytes = self.dma.produced_bytes.load(Ordering::Acquire);
+        let produced_bytes = self.dma.produced_bytes();
         let consumed_bytes = self.dma.consumed_bytes();
 
-        let valid = produced_bytes >= consumed_bytes; // else we are in underrun condition
+        if produced_bytes < consumed_bytes || produced_bytes == 0 {
+            defmt::error!("[fb] dma underrun detected!");
+            red_led().on();
+            return Some(nominal_rate);
+        }
 
-        let fill_frames = if valid {
+        let current_bytes = (produced_bytes - consumed_bytes) as i32;
-            (produced_bytes - consumed_bytes) as i32 / BYTES_PER_FRAME as i32
+        // normalize error wrt. frame size etc.
-        } else {
+        let error_permille = ((current_bytes - FILL_TARGET_BYTES) * 1000) / FILL_TARGET_BYTES;
-            // we will emit a canonical error in the DMA ISR
-            defmt::debug!("[fb] dma underrun detected");
-            0
-        };
-
-        let mut error = fill_frames - FILL_TARGET;
-        error = error.clamp(-32, 32); // avoid huge spikes
-
-        let p = error * 256;
-        let i = 0; // placeholder
-
-        let correction = -(p + i);
 
         let nominal_v = nominal_rate.to_u32_12_13() as i32;
 
-        let mut v = nominal_v + correction;
+        // 0.2% which is a huge clock error
+        let max_allowed_deviation = nominal_v / 500;
 
-        v = v.clamp(nominal_v - MAX_CORRECTION, nominal_v + MAX_CORRECTION);
+        let p_term = -(error_permille * nominal_v) / 256000; // this works reasonably well to keep the buffer 
+        let i_term = 0; // placeholder
 
-        defmt::debug!(
+        let mut v = nominal_v + p_term + i_term;
-            "valid:{} fill:{} err:{} fb:{=u32:x}",
+        v = v.clamp(
-            valid,
+            nominal_v - max_allowed_deviation,
-            fill_frames,
+            nominal_v + max_allowed_deviation,
-            error,
+        );
+        self.log_counter += 1;
+        if self.log_counter.is_multiple_of(LOG_PERIOD) {
+            defmt::info!(
+                "fill:{}% err_pm:{} p:{} i:{} fb_delta:{} fb:{=u32:x}",
+                (current_bytes * 100) / (N_SLOTS * BYTES_PER_SLOT) as i32,
+                error_permille,
+                p_term,
+                i_term,
+                v - nominal_v,
                 v as u32
             );
+        }
 
         Some(UsbIsochronousFeedback::new(v as u32))
     }
 }
 
+impl<const N: usize, const MAX_SLOT_BYTES: usize> ClockSource for Audio<'_, N, MAX_SLOT_BYTES> {
+    const CLOCK_TYPE: usbd_uac2::descriptors::ClockType = ClockType::InternalFixed;
+    const SOF_SYNC: bool = false;
+    fn sample_rate(&self) -> u32 {
+        Self::RATES[0].min
+    }
+    fn sample_rates(
+        &self,
+    ) -> core::result::Result<&[usbd_uac2::RangeEntry<u32>], usbd_uac2::UsbAudioClassError> {
+        Ok(&Self::RATES)
+    }
+    fn clock_validity(&self) -> core::result::Result<bool, usbd_uac2::UsbAudioClassError> {
+        Ok(true)
+    }
+}
+
 #[entry]
 fn main() -> ! {
     let hal = hal::new();
@@ -277,7 +293,7 @@ fn main() -> ! {
         pins::Pio1_20::take().unwrap().into_i2c4_scl_pin(&mut iocon),
         pins::Pio1_21::take().unwrap().into_i2c4_sda_pin(&mut iocon),
     );
-    // We can initialize and iocon these, but there is no peripheral, so they do not get used
+    // We can initialize and iocon these, but there is no peripheral driver, so they do not get used
     let _codec_i2s_pins = (
         pins::Pio0_21::take().unwrap().into_spi7_sck_pin(&mut iocon),
         pins::Pio0_20::take().unwrap().into_i2s7_sda_pin(&mut iocon),
@@ -286,18 +302,16 @@ fn main() -> ! {
     );
 
     debug!("clocks");
-    // Run the system clock at 96MHz. The lpc55-hal will run it from the FRO. But we won't actually use these clocks, we just need the guards...
     let clocks = hal::ClockRequirements::default()
         .system_frequency(96.MHz())
         .configure(&mut anactrl, &mut pmc, &mut syscon)
         .unwrap();
-    let mut _delay_timer = Timer::new(
+    let mut usb_delay_timer = Timer::new(
         hal.ctimer
             .0
             .enabled(&mut syscon, clocks.support_1mhz_fro_token().unwrap()),
     );
-    // Start PLL1 at 150MHz as main system clock
+
-    hw::init_sys_pll1();
     // Start PLL0 at 24.576MHz as the audio clock. The FRO cannot evenly divide
     // any common audio frequencies and is not particularly stable anyway.
     hw::init_audio_pll();
@@ -326,7 +340,7 @@ fn main() -> ! {
             &mut anactrl,
             &mut pmc,
             &mut syscon,
-            &mut _delay_timer,
+            &mut usb_delay_timer,
             clocks.support_usbhs_token().unwrap(),
         ),
     );
@@ -348,34 +362,21 @@ fn main() -> ! {
 
     defmt::debug!("dma init");
     let i2s_dma_addr = &i2s_peripheral.i2s.fifowr as *const _ as *mut u32;
-    let dma = DmaRing::<32, SLOT_SIZE_BYTES>::new(hal.dma.release(), &mut syscon, i2s_dma_addr, 4)
+    let dma =
+        DmaRing::<N_SLOTS, BYTES_PER_SLOT>::new(hal.dma.release(), &mut syscon, i2s_dma_addr, 4)
             .unwrap();
     let dma_ref = DMA_RING.init(dma);
     unsafe { DMA_RING_REF = Some(dma_ref) };
 
-    let mut clock = Clock {};
     let mut audio = Audio {
         i2s: i2s_peripheral,
         dma: dma_ring(),
         running: AtomicBool::new(false),
+        log_counter: 0,
     };
     defmt::debug!("usb init");
-    let config = AudioClassConfig::new(usb_speed, FunctionCode::Other, &mut clock, &mut audio)
+    let config = UsbAudioClassConfig::new(usb_speed, FunctionCode::IoBox, &mut audio)
-        .with_output_config(TerminalConfig::new(
+        .with_output_config(TerminalConfig::builder().base_id(2).build());
-            4,
-            1,
-            2,
-            FormatType1 {
-                bit_resolution: 32,
-                bytes_per_sample: 4,
-            },
-            TerminalType::ExtLineConnector,
-            ChannelConfig::default_chans(2),
-            IsochronousSynchronizationType::Asynchronous,
-            LockDelay::Milliseconds(10),
-            None,
-        ));
-
     let mut uac2 = config.build(&usb_bus).unwrap();
 
     let mut usb_dev = UsbDeviceBuilder::new(&usb_bus, UsbVidPid(0x1209, 0xcc1d))

examples/lpc55s28-evk/Cargo.lock

@@ -411,6 +411,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "lpc55-hal"
 version = "0.5.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/ktims/lpc55-hal?branch=main#8dfefd62aff4abd2de535f23107812dda68437be"
 dependencies = [
  "block-buffer",
  "cipher",
@@ -451,10 +452,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "embedded-io",
  "log-to-defmt",
  "lpc55-hal",
- "nb 1.1.0",
- "panic-halt",
  "panic-probe",
- "static_cell",
  "usb-device",
  "usbd-uac2",
 ]
@@ -615,12 +613,6 @@ version = "1.21.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9f7c3e4beb33f85d45ae3e3a1792185706c8e16d043238c593331cc7cd313b50"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "panic-halt"
-version = "1.0.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a513e167849a384b7f9b746e517604398518590a9142f4846a32e3c2a4de7b11"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "panic-probe"
 version = "1.0.0"
@@ -825,15 +817,6 @@ version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a2eb9349b6444b326872e140eb1cf5e7c522154d69e7a0ffb0fb81c06b37543f"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "static_cell"
-version = "2.1.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0530892bb4fa575ee0da4b86f86c667132a94b74bb72160f58ee5a4afec74c23"
-dependencies = [
- "portable-atomic",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
 version = "2.0.117"

examples/lpc55s28-evk/Cargo.toml

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 name = "lpc55s28-evk"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
+publish = false
 
 [features]
 default = ["usbhs"]
@@ -17,13 +18,11 @@ defmt-rtt = "1.1.0"
 embedded-hal = "1.0.0"
 embedded-io = "0.7.1"
 log-to-defmt = "0.1.0"
-lpc55-hal = { version = "0.5.0", path = "../lpc55-hal" }
-nb = "1.1.0"
-panic-halt = "1.0.0"
 panic-probe = { version = "1.0.0", features = ["print-defmt"] }
-static_cell = "2.1.1"
+# Includes update to usb-device 0.3, fix for isochronous and smaller critical sections
-usb-device = "0.3"
+lpc55-hal = { git = "https://github.com/ktims/lpc55-hal", branch = "main" }
-usbd-uac2 = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../..", features = ["defmt"]}
+usb-device.workspace = true
+usbd-uac2 = { workspace = true, features = ["defmt"] }
 
 [profile.release]
 opt-level = "z"

examples/lpc55s28-evk/build.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Find the actual path of memory.x and add it to link search, required for building in workspace
+fn main() {
+    let manifest_dir = std::env::var("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR").unwrap();
+    println!("cargo:rustc-link-search={}", manifest_dir);
+}

examples/lpc55s28-evk/src/main.rs

@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ impl<T: BbqHandle, B: bus::UsbBus> AudioHandler<'_, B> for Audio<T> {
         v = v.clamp(nominal_v - (1 << 14), nominal_v + (1 << 14));
 
         // Note: this log will cause continuous underflows
-        defmt::debug!("fill:{} err:{} fb:{=u32:x}", fill, error, v);
+        defmt::debug!("fill:{} err:{} fb:{=u32:x}", fill, error, v as u32);
 
         Some(UsbIsochronousFeedback::new(v as u32))
     }

src/lib.rs

@@ -20,9 +20,6 @@ use usb_device::device::DEFAULT_ALTERNATE_SETTING;
 use usb_device::endpoint::{self, Endpoint, EndpointDirection, In, Out};
 use usb_device::{UsbDirection, class_prelude::*};
 
-#[cfg(feature = "defmt")]
-use defmt;
-
 mod sealed {
     pub trait Sealed {}
 }
@@ -934,7 +931,7 @@ impl<'a, B: UsbBus, AU: AudioHandler<'a, B> + ClockSource> UsbClass<B>
     }
 
     fn reset(&mut self) {
-        defmt::info!("usb reset");
+        info!("usb reset");
         self.audio_impl
             .alternate_setting_changed(UsbDirection::In, 0);
         self.audio_impl
@@ -955,7 +952,7 @@ impl<'a, B: UsbBus, AU: AudioHandler<'a, B> + ClockSource> UsbAudioClass<'a, B,
                     warn!("  feedback IN failed {:?}", e);
                 }
             } else {
-                debug!("  feedback callback returned None")
+                debug!("  feedback callback returned None");
             }
         }
     }